For example, if you see a B♭ (B flat) in a piece of music, it means that the B note should be lowered by a half step to the next closest note, which is A. Flat (♭)Ī flat symbol lowers the pitch of a note by a half step or semitone. For example, if you see a C♯ (C sharp) in a piece of music, it means that the C note should be raised by a half step to the next closest note, which is D. Sharp (♯)Ī sharp symbol raises the pitch of a note by a half step or semitone. They are symbols in musical notation that indicate raising or lowering a note by a half step or semitone. In Western music, sharp and flat are terms used to describe the alteration of a pitch or note. Need help remembering notes? Refer back to the lesson on What are Notes? Sharps and Flats From the earliest notations to the contemporary avant-garde, pitch alteration remains an essential tool in the art of music-making. These alterations enable the creation of various scales and key signatures, which serve as the foundation for countless compositions across diverse genres and styles. The remaining notes are recognized by modifying these names with a sharp (#) or a flat (b), which are also known as “accidentals” or “alterations” in musical terminology. Out of these 12 notes, 7 are named C, D, E, F, G, A, and B. Western music consists of a total of 12 distinct notes, which include C, C#, D, D#, E, F, F#, G, G#, A, A#, and B. As a fundamental aspect of music theory, the understanding and application of sharps, flats, and other pitch alterations contribute to the richness of a musical piece, shaping its tonality, harmony, and emotional impact. The exploration of pitch alteration in Western music unveils a world of complex and expressive possibilities for composers and musicians.
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